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Evan Cox

Biodegradation of DNAPLs through Bioaugmentation Verified at NASA Kennedy Space Center LC 34 Site

2026-04-02T15:51:22-06:00October 29th, 2009|Tags: |

NASA has always been on the leading edge of technology development and application - not only in space exploration, but also in the areas of environmental compliance and resource stewardship. To that end, NASA is a leading proponent of field testing new and innovative technologies that will benefit their own site restoration program, as well as contributing to the wider application of cost-effective remedies for impacted environments. A common contaminant issue at NASA sites, as at other facilities where industrial solvents have been used, is the presence of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater.In the 1960s, Launch Complex 34 (LC-34) at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida was an active launch site for the Apollo program. As a result of TCE releases to groundwater during that period, TCE is now found in the sandy aquifer underlying the site in the form of a dense, non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). NASA, through its Small Business Innovation Research initiative, selected Geosyntec to develop and implement a field testing program of bioaugmentation technologies to target TCE DNAPL in groundwater using LC-34 as the demonstration site with the goal of documenting and reporting the efficacy of this remediation technology to the scientific and engineering community. As part of this program, Geosyntec collaborated with the U.S. EPA Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) program, which collected independent data to validate the bioaugmentation performance.

Feasibility Study and Treatability Testing for a Danish North Sea Shoreline Site Impacted by Pharmaceutical and Related Wastes

2026-04-02T16:19:24-06:00October 29th, 2009|Tags: , |

Kargard Plantage is one of the most widely discussed contaminated sites in Denmark, and is often referred to as a "super site" because of the scale of the potential liabilities and breadth of wastes disposed at this shoreline location. The site is a rugged dune field on the western coast of Denmark, bordering the North Sea.

Electrokinetic-Enhanced Bioremediation of PCE Source Area in Clay

2026-06-16T14:30:24-06:00October 20th, 2009|Tags: , |

In low permeability soils (clays and silts), conventional hydraulic-based amendment techniques often fail to achieve appropriate amendment distribution. Electrokinetic (EK) enhanced amendment delivery is an innovative approach that uses electromigration and electro-osmosis to uniformly migrate amendments through clays and silts, since these transport mechanisms are not substantially affected by soil permeability. EK mechanisms can be applied to distribute electron donors, electron acceptors and/or bacteria for in situ bioremediation (EK-Bio), or oxidants for in situ chemical oxidation (EK-ISCO).The near-surface geology throughout much of Denmark consists of glacial clay till, which poses a significant challenge to remediation of contaminated sites. Facing this challenge, the Capital Region of Denmark retained the team of Geosyntec, NIRAS, and the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) to design and execute the world's first field application of EK-Bio to remediate a tetrachloroethene (PCE) source in clay.

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