Geochemical Modeling of Mineral Precipitation in Class I Industrial Deep Injection Well System
A confidential utility client needed to evaluate potential performance impacts on a Class I deep injection well system that receives up to 500 gallons per minute (gpm) of inflows from various sources, including extracted groundwater containing coal combustion residuals (CCR) constituents and treated process water from the facility (e.g., flue gas desulfurization blowdown). Evaluating the level of treatment (e.g., design basis, mass removal requirements) to minimize impacts (e.g., scale formation) to the deep injection well and receiving limestone aquifer was also required.
